---
title: “You must give a bridge built of stone to cross the great river,” sa… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: “You must give a bridge built of stone to cross the great river,” said one. Who acts: You. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 24, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 24, sentence 65

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“You must give a bridge built of stone to cross the great river,” said one.

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**Who acts:** You · **What happens:** give, build, cross, say · **To what, where:** bridge, great river, one · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 24. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:24:67
# text = “You must give a bridge built of stone to cross the great river,” said one.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	ccomp	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	cross	cross	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
17	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** *in a quote* | must | You | a bridge |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bridge=Theme |
| 2 | **build** *in a quote* | participle |  | a bridge *not said here* |  |  |  | of stone | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **cross** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  | the great river |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Patient |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  | one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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