---
title: The Sultan and his courtiers were so frightened that they decided to… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: The Sultan and his courtiers were so frightened that they decided to give his daughter to the General, the next full moon being the date set for the wedding. Who acts: Sultan, courtiers, next full moon. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Openi
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 24, sentence 85

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The Sultan and his courtiers were so frightened that they decided to give his daughter to the General, the next full moon being the date set for the wedding.

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**Who acts:** Sultan, courtiers, next full moon · **What happens:** be, decide, give · **To what, where:** daughter, date set

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 24. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sultan, courtiers, next full moon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:24:87
# text = The Sultan and his courtiers were so frightened that they decided to give his daughter to the General, the next full moon being the date set for the wedding.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Sultan	Sultan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	courtiers	courtier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	frightened	frightened	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	decided	decide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	iobj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	General	General	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
21	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
22	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	moon	moon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
24	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	27	cop	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	date	date	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	set	set	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	_
28	for	for	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the Sultan and Sultan's courtiers |  |  |  |  | frightened *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **decide** | past | courtiers *= courtier* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **give** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | courtiers *= courtier* *not said here* |  | Sultan's daughter |  |  | to the General | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent daughter=Theme to general=Recipient |
| 4 | **is a** | gerund | the next full moon | the date set |  |  |  | for the wedding | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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