---
title: As they came in sight of the Sultan’s city, they saw the Spanish fle… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: As they came in sight of the Sultan’s city, they saw the Spanish fleet in the harbor, and one of his brothers advised Bantugan not to enter until the Spaniards left. Who acts: flags, one, Spaniards. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, 
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 24, sentence 89

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As they came in sight of the Sultan’s city, they saw the Spanish fleet in the harbor, and one of his brothers advised Bantugan not to enter until the Spaniards left.

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**Who acts:** flags, one, Spaniards · **What happens:** come, see, advise, not enter, leave, sight · **To what, where:** sight, Spanish fleet, harbor, Bantugan, city · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 24. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flags, one, Spaniards), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:24:91
# text = As they came in sight of the Sultan’s city, they saw the Spanish fleet in the harbor, and one of his brothers advised Bantugan not to enter until the Spaniards left.
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Sultan	Sultan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	’s	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	fleet	fleet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	harbor	harbor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
22	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	26	nsubj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	brothers	brother	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
26	advised	advise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
27	Bantugan	Bantugan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
28	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	30	advmod	_	_
29	to	to	PART	TO	_	30	mark	_	_
30	enter	enter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	ccomp	_	_
31	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	Spaniards	Spaniard	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	34	nsubj	_	_
34	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | flags *= flag* |  |  | sight of the Sultan's city |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sight=Location |
| 2 | **see** | past | flags *= flag* | the Spanish fleet |  | the harbor |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fleet=Stimulus |
| 3 | **advise** *speech: other* | past | one of Sultan's brothers | Bantugan |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP how S\_INF»: agent=Agent bantugan=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 4 | **not** **enter** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **leave** | past | the Spaniards |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **sight** |  |  | the Sultan's city |  |  |  |  | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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