---
title: “He is old and wrinkled, like a little brown monkey,” said Yun-Ying,… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: “He is old and wrinkled, like a little brown monkey,” said Yun-Ying, “and I don’t want to marry him. Who acts: Yun. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 25, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 25, sentence 71

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“He is old and wrinkled, like a little brown monkey,” said Yun-Ying, “and I don’t want to marry him.

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**Who acts:** Yun · **What happens:** be, wrinkle, say, not want, marry · **To what, where:** Yun · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Yun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:25:72
# text = “He is old and wrinkled, like a little brown monkey,” said Yun-Ying, “and I don’t want to marry him.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	ccomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	wrinkled	wrinkle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
15	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	Yun	Yun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	Ying	Ying	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
20	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
22	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
23	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	n’t	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
25	want	want	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	ccomp	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	27	mark	_	_
27	marry	marry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	xcomp	_	_
28	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Yun |  |  |  |  | old *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **wrinkle** *in a quote* | participle | Yun *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like a little brown monkey | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Yun  Ying |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **not** **want** *in a quote* | present · do-support | Yun  Ying *= yun* |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 5 | **marry** *not said to happen, in a quote* | to-infinitive | Yun  Ying *= yun* *not said here* | Yun |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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