---
title: The judge then turned to the merchant of Bagdad and said: “And you,… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: The judge then turned to the merchant of Bagdad and said: “And you, my friend; why did you acknowledge yourself to be the murderer?” Who acts: judge, you. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 3, sentence 12

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The judge then turned to the merchant of Bagdad and said: “And you, my friend; why did you acknowledge yourself to be the murderer?”

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**Who acts:** judge, you · **What happens:** turn, say, acknowledge, be · **To what, where:** yourself, murderer · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (judge, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:3:12
# text = The judge then turned to the merchant of Bagdad and said: “And you, my friend; why did you acknowledge yourself to be the murderer?”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	judge	judge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
4	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	merchant	merchant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Bagdad	Bagdad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
13	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
20	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	23	advmod	_	_
21	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
22	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
24	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	23	obj	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
26	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	cop	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	murderer	murderer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | the judge |  |  |  | then | to the merchant of Bagdad | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the judge *not said here* |  |  |  |  | you *ccomp* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **acknowledge** *in a quote* | past · do-support | you | yourself |  |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yourself=Topic |
| 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  | the murderer |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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