--- title: This made the Rajah very sad, but he had promised, and feared to bre… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics description: This made the Rajah very sad, but he had promised, and feared to break his word, so with a heavy heart he went to seek his daughters, whom he found crying by the ruins of their mother’s grave. Who acts: This, Rajah, daughters. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn W --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/3/81/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Jade Story Book; Stories from the…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/) / [Opening, part 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/3/) / 81 # The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 3, sentence 81 This made the Rajah very sad, but he had promised, and feared to break his word, so with a heavy heart he went to seek his daughters, whom he found crying by the ruins of their mother’s grave. **Who acts:** This, Rajah, daughters · **What happens:** make, promise, fear, break, go, seek · **To what, where:** Rajah, word, daughters, grave This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, Rajah, daughters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg65965:3:82 # text = This made the Rajah very sad, but he had promised, and feared to break his word, so with a heavy heart he went to seek his daughters, whom he found crying by the ruins of their mother’s grave. 1 This this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 nsubj _ _ 2 made make VERB VBD Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 Rajah Rajah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 very very ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 sad sad ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 8 but but CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 9 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 10 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _ 11 promised promise VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 2 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 feared fear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 15 to to PART TO _ 16 mark _ _ 16 break break VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 xcomp _ _ 17 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ _ 18 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 20 so so ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 21 with with ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 23 heavy heavy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 25 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 26 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 27 to to PART TO _ 28 mark _ _ 28 seek seek VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 xcomp _ _ 29 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ _ 30 daughters daughter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 31 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 32 whom whom PRON WP PronType=Rel 34 obj _ _ 33 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 34 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 acl:relcl _ _ 35 crying cry VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 34 xcomp _ _ 36 by by ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 ruins ruin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 obl _ _ 39 of of ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 40 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 41 nmod:poss _ _ 41 mother mother NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 42 ’s 's PART POS _ 41 case _ _ 43 grave grave NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 44 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | past | This | the Rajah | | | | sad *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset rajah=Product | | 2 | **promise** *speech: promise* | past · perfect | Rajah | | | | | | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **fear** | past | This *not said here* | | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 4 | **break** | to-infinitive | This *not said here* | Rajah's word | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer word=Patient | | 5 | **go** | past | Rajah | | | | | with a heavy heart | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **seek** | to-infinitive | Rajah *not said here* | Rajah's daughters | | | | | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent daughter=Theme | | 7 | **find** | past | Rajah | Rajah's daughters | | | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent whom=Attribute clause=Theme | | 8 | **cry** *speech: express* | gerund | Rajah's daughters *not said here* | | | | | by the ruins of daughters's mother's grave | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by ruin=Location | | 9 | **word** | | Rajah | | | | | | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent | | 10 | **ruin** | | | daughters's mother's grave | | | | | nom ruin «state transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 80](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/3/80/) - next →: [sentence 82](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/3/82/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/3/)