--- title: The knights were so disheartened by the tests given them, that they… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics description: The knights were so disheartened by the tests given them, that they returned to their homes, resolved to forget the beautiful Princess, but each found himself unable to do this, so before long they had all sent word that they were starting out on their respective quests. Who acts: tests, knights, ea --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/5/27/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Jade Story Book; Stories from the…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/) / [Opening, part 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/5/) / 27 # The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 5, sentence 27 The knights were so disheartened by the tests given them, that they returned to their homes, resolved to forget the beautiful Princess, but each found himself unable to do this, so before long they had all sent word that they were starting out on their respective quests. **Who acts:** tests, knights, each, test · **What happens:** dishearten, give, return, resolve, forget, find · **To what, where:** knights, homes, beautiful Princess, test, this, respective quests This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tests, knights, each, test), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg65965:5:27 # text = The knights were so disheartened by the tests given them, that they returned to their homes, resolved to forget the beautiful Princess, but each found himself unable to do this, so before long they had all sent word that they were starting out on their respective quests. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 knights knight NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 4 so so ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 disheartened dishearten VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 6 by by ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 tests test NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 9 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 acl _ _ 10 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 that that SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 13 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 14 returned return VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 15 to to ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 homes home NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 resolved resolve VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 acl _ _ 20 to to PART TO _ 21 mark _ _ 21 forget forget VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 19 xcomp _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 23 beautiful beautiful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 Princess princess NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 but but CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 27 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 28 nsubj _ _ 28 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 29 himself himself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 28 obj _ _ 30 unable unable ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 xcomp _ _ 31 to to PART TO _ 32 mark _ _ 32 do do VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 xcomp _ _ 33 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 32 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 35 so so ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 36 before before ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 37 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 41 advmod _ _ 38 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj:pass _ _ 39 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 40 all all ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 41 sent send VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 conj _ _ 42 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obj _ _ 43 that that SCONJ IN _ 46 mark _ _ 44 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 46 nsubj _ _ 45 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 46 aux _ _ 46 starting start VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 41 advcl _ _ 47 out out ADP RP _ 46 compound:prt _ _ 48 on on ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 49 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 51 nmod:poss _ _ 50 respective respective ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 51 amod _ _ 51 quests quest NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 52 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **dishearten** | past · passive | the tests | the knights | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer | | 2 | **give** | participle | the tests *not said here* | knights *= knight* | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | | 3 | **return** | past | knights *= knight* | | | | | to knights's homes *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to home=Result | | 4 | **resolve** | participle | | knights's homes *not said here* | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **forget** | to-infinitive | | the beautiful Princess | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **find** | past | each | test | | | | unable *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Topic | | 7 | **do** | to-infinitive | test *not said here* | this | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Eventuality | | 8 | **send** | past · perfect · passive | | knights *= knight* | | | | word *obj*; all, long *property* | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Destination word=Theme | | 9 | **start out** | past · progressive | knights *= knight* | | | knights's respective quests | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 10 | **quest** | | knights *= knight* | | | | | | nom quest «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/5/26/) - next →: [sentence 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/5/28/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/5/)