---
title: Then, without really expecting to find anything, he raised the stone… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: Then, without really expecting to find anything, he raised the stone, and underneath it was the paper bag. Who acts: Musai, stone. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 6, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 6, sentence 109

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Then, without really expecting to find anything, he raised the stone, and underneath it was the paper bag.

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**Who acts:** Musai, stone · **What happens:** expect, find, raise, be · **To what, where:** anything, stone

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Musai, stone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:6:112
# text = Then, without really expecting to find anything, he raised the stone, and underneath it was the paper bag.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	really	really	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	expecting	expect	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	raised	raise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
16	underneath	underneath	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **expect** | gerund | Musai *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **find** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Musai *not said here* | anything |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Topic |
| 3 | **raise** | past | Musai | the stone |  |  | then |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | past | stone |  |  |  |  | underneath the paper bag | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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