---
title: The cries guided him to the mouth of the pit and there he was promis… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: The cries guided him to the mouth of the pit and there he was promised a great sum of money by the Prime Minister if he would rescue him from his perilous position. Who acts: cries, Prime Minister, man. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Openi
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 6, sentence 31

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cries guided him to the mouth of the pit and there he was promised a great sum of money by the Prime Minister if he would rescue him from his perilous position.

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**Who acts:** cries, Prime Minister, man · **What happens:** guide, promise, rescue, sum · **To what, where:** man, mouth, noise, perilous position, money

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cries, Prime Minister, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:6:32
# text = The cries guided him to the mouth of the pit and there he was promised a great sum of money by the Prime Minister if he would rescue him from his perilous position.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cries	cry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	guided	guide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	pit	pit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	15	expl	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	promised	promise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	sum	sum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	by	by	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	Prime	Prime	PROPN	NNP	_	24	compound	_	_
24	Minister	Minister	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
25	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
27	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	rescue	rescue	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	advcl	_	_
29	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	_
30	from	from	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
32	perilous	perilous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **guide** | past | the cries | man |  | the mouth of the pit |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme to mouth=Destination |
| 2 | **promise** *speech: promise* | past · passive | the Prime Minister | man |  | there |  | a great sum of money *obj* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent subject=Goal sum=Theme |
| 3 | **rescue** *a condition, not said to happen* | would | man | noise |  | man's perilous position |  |  | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent he=Theme from position=Source |
| 4 | **sum** |  |  | money |  |  |  |  | nom sum «possession transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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