---
title: One day, while thus employed, he saw afar off ten asses laden with p… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: One day, while thus employed, he saw afar off ten asses laden with packs, and a lion following close on them. Who acts: Guido, lion. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 6, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 6, sentence 45

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One day, while thus employed, he saw afar off ten asses laden with packs, and a lion following close on them.

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**Who acts:** Guido, lion · **What happens:** employ, see, lade, follow · **To what, where:** afar ten asses

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Guido, lion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:6:46
# text = One day, while thus employed, he saw afar off ten asses laden with packs, and a lion following close on them.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
4	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	employed	employ	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	afar	afar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
11	off	off	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	asses	ass	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
14	laden	lade	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	packs	pack	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
21	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	parataxis	_	_
22	close	close	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	21	advmod	_	_
23	on	on	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **employ** | participle | Guido *not said here* |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **see** | past | Guido | afar ten asses |  |  | day |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ass=Stimulus |
| 3 | **lade** | participle |  | afar ten asses *not said here* |  |  |  | with packs | tree rules |
| 4 | **follow** | gerund | a lion |  |  |  |  | on packs *= pack*; close *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on they=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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