---
title: In the morning each of them started early for his own feeding-ground… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: In the morning each of them started early for his own feeding-ground, returning in the evening, as was their custom. Who acts: each. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 7, sentence 114

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In the morning each of them started early for his own feeding-ground, returning in the evening, as was their custom.

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**Who acts:** each · **What happens:** start, return, be

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (each), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:7:116
# text = In the morning each of them started early for his own feeding-ground, returning in the evening, as was their custom.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nmod	_	_
7	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
11	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
12	feeding	feeding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	returning	return	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	as	as	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
23	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	custom	custom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | past | each of friends |  |  |  | morning | for sense's own feeding ground; early *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **return** | gerund | each of friends *not said here* |  |  |  | evening |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | as friends's custom; friends *= friend* *nmod:poss* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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