---
title: The penalty for lack of speed in the race was heavy, but many were t… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: The penalty for lack of speed in the race was heavy, but many were those who made the attempt, hoping that they might succeed, only to perish as a result. Who acts: penalty, many, children. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 7, w
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 7, sentence 27

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The penalty for lack of speed in the race was heavy, but many were those who made the attempt, hoping that they might succeed, only to perish as a result.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** penalty, many, children · **What happens:** be, make, hope, succeed, perish, lack · **To what, where:** those, attempt, speed · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (penalty, many, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:7:28
# text = The penalty for lack of speed in the race was heavy, but many were those who made the attempt, hoping that they might succeed, only to perish as a result.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	penalty	penalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	nsubj	_	_
15	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	11	conj	_	_
17	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	attempt	attempt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	hoping	hope	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
23	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
24	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	succeed	succeed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	only	only	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
29	to	to	PART	TO	_	30	mark	_	_
30	perish	perish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	conj	_	_
31	as	as	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the penalty for lack of speed in the race |  |  |  |  | heavy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | past | many | those |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | past |  | the attempt |  |  |  | who *nsubj* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attempt=Product |
| 4 | **hope** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 5 | **succeed** | might | children *= child* |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **perish** | to-infinitive | children *= child* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as a result | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 7 | **lack** |  |  | speed in the race |  |  |  |  | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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