---
title: It happened that the maiden herself was standing at a window close b… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: It happened that the maiden herself was standing at a window close by and heard Abibas express his wish to run against her. Who acts: It, princess, Abibas, man. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 7, with its dependency tree and t
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 7, sentence 34

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It happened that the maiden herself was standing at a window close by and heard Abibas express his wish to run against her.

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**Who acts:** It, princess, Abibas, man · **What happens:** happen, stand, hear, express, run, wish · **To what, where:** close, window, wish · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (It, princess, Abibas, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:7:35
# text = It happened that the maiden herself was standing at a window close by and heard Abibas express his wish to run against her.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	happened	happen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	maiden	maiden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
6	herself	herself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	8	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	obl	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	fixed	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
16	Abibas	Abibas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	express	express	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	ccomp	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	wish	wish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	advcl	_	_
22	against	against	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | past | It |  |  |  |  | maiden *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **stand** | past · progressive | princess | close |  | a window |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at window=Location |
| 3 | **hear** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 4 | **express** | infinitive | Abibas | man's wish |  |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wish=Theme |
| 5 | **run** | to-infinitive | Abibas *not said here* |  |  |  |  | against princess | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against she=Trajectory |
| 6 | **wish** |  | man |  |  |  |  |  | nom wish «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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