---
title: The roses were indeed beautiful and gave forth a delightful perfume. — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: The roses were indeed beautiful and gave forth a delightful perfume. Who acts: roses. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 7, sentence 40

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The roses were indeed beautiful and gave forth a delightful perfume.

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**Who acts:** roses · **What happens:** be, give · **To what, where:** delightful perfume

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (roses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:7:41
# text = The roses were indeed beautiful and gave forth a delightful perfume.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roses	rose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	indeed	indeed	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
8	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	delightful	delightful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	perfume	perfume	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the roses |  |  |  |  | beautiful, indeed *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | past | the roses *not said here* | a delightful perfume |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent perfume=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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