---
title: He saw the eldest one come to the stone close to his head and lift i… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: He saw the eldest one come to the stone close to his head and lift it up, but there was no paper bag beneath it. Who acts: Chô, eldest one, paper bag. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmat
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 7, sentence 7

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He saw the eldest one come to the stone close to his head and lift it up, but there was no paper bag beneath it.

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**Who acts:** Chô, eldest one, paper bag · **What happens:** see, come, lift up, be · **To what, where:** eldest one, stone, head

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chô, eldest one, paper bag), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:7:7
# text = He saw the eldest one come to the stone close to his head and lift it up, but there was no paper bag beneath it.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	eldest	eld	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	lift	lift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	up	up	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	21	expl	_	_
21	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
22	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	24	det	_	_
23	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
25	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | Chô | the eldest one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** | infinitive | the eldest one *not said here* |  |  | the stone |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to stone=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **lift up** | infinitive | the eldest one *not said here* | head |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 4 | **be** | past | no paper bag |  |  | head; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beneath it=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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