---
title: Bar not thy door to the stranger, be he friend or be he foe, For the… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: Bar not thy door to the stranger, be he friend or be he foe, For the tree will shade the woodman while his axe doth lay it low. Who acts: Bar, book, tree, axe. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 7, with its dependency tree and th
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 7, sentence 94

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Bar not thy door to the stranger, be he friend or be he foe, For the tree will shade the woodman while his axe doth lay it low.

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**Who acts:** Bar, book, tree, axe · **What happens:** be, shade, do, lay · **To what, where:** friend, foe, woodman, axe

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bar, book, tree, axe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:7:96
# text = Bar not thy door to the stranger, be he friend or be he foe, For the tree will shade the woodman while his axe doth lay it low.
1	Bar	bar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
3	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	cop	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	cop	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	foe	foe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	For	for	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
20	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	shade	shade	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	woodman	woodman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	axe	axe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
27	doth	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	advcl	_	_
28	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	parataxis	_	_
29	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	_
30	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | infinitive | Bar  thy door to the stranger | friend or foe |  |  |  | book *nsubj* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | infinitive | book | foe |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **shade** | future | the tree | the woodman |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent woodman=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **do** | present | book's axe |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **lay** | present |  | axe |  |  |  | low *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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