---
title: There was a small lake in Malwa called Lily-Water, and on its bank o… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: There was a small lake in Malwa called Lily-Water, and on its bank one day stood a Crane who seemed to be lost in thought. Who acts: small lake, Malwa, bank, Crane. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 8, with its dependency tree a
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 8, sentence 118

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There was a small lake in Malwa called Lily-Water, and on its bank one day stood a Crane who seemed to be lost in thought.

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**Who acts:** small lake, Malwa, bank, Crane · **What happens:** be, call, stand, seem, lose · **To what, where:** small lake, Lily, Crane, thought · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (small lake, Malwa, bank, Crane), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:8:121
# text = There was a small lake in Malwa called Lily-Water, and on its bank one day stood a Crane who seemed to be lost in thought.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	Malwa	Malwa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	Lily	Lily	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	Water	Water	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
17	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
18	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl:unmarked	_	_
19	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Crane	crane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
23	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	acl:relcl	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
25	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	xcomp	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	thought	thought	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a small lake |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **call** | past | Malwa | a small lake *not said here* | Lily and Water |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent lily=Recipient |
| 3 | **stand** | past | lake's bank  one day | a Crane |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer crane=Stimulus |
| 4 | **seem** | past | a Crane |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 5 | **lose** | to-infinitive · passive | a Crane *not said here* |  |  | thought |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V PP.eventuality S\_ING»: in thought=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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