---
title: The Crane now trembled with fear, and flew at once to the edge of th… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: The Crane now trembled with fear, and flew at once to the edge of the pond, and there, before entering the water the Crab tightened his grip so that the Crane’s neck was cut clear through. Who acts: Crab. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Ope
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 9, sentence 32

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The Crane now trembled with fear, and flew at once to the edge of the pond, and there, before entering the water the Crab tightened his grip so that the Crane’s neck was cut clear through.

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**Who acts:** Crab · **What happens:** tremble, fly, enter, tighten, cut, grip · **To what, where:** Crane, water, grip, neck

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Crab), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:9:32
# text = The Crane now trembled with fear, and flew at once to the edge of the pond, and there, before entering the water the Crab tightened his grip so that the Crane’s neck was cut clear through.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Crane	crane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
4	trembled	tremble	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	9	obl	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
23	entering	enter	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	28	advcl	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	Crab	Crab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
28	tightened	tighten	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
29	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	grip	grip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
31	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	38	mark	_	_
32	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	38	mark	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	Crane	Crane	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	’s	's	PART	POS	_	34	case	_	_
36	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nsubj:pass	_	_
37	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux:pass	_	_
38	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	28	advcl	_	_
39	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	xcomp	_	_
40	through	through	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tremble** | participle · passive |  | the Crane |  |  | now | with fear | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **fly** | past |  |  |  |  |  | to the edge of the pond | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at once=Location |
| 3 | **enter** | gerund | the Crab *not said here* | the water |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme water=Destination |
| 4 | **tighten** | past | the Crab | Crab's grip |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent grip=Patient |
| 5 | **cut** | past · passive |  | the Crane's neck |  |  |  | clear, through *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 6 | **grip** |  | Crab |  |  |  |  |  | nom grip «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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