---
title: The knight halted in the entrance of the hall, looking to the high d… — Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-Englis… · tree and pragmatics
description: The knight halted in the entrance of the hall, looking to the high daïs, and greeted no man, but looked ever upwards; and the first words he spake were, “Where is the ruler of this folk? Who acts: knight, first words. A sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance
---

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# Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 2, sentence 22

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The knight halted in the entrance of the hall, looking to the high daïs, and greeted no man, but looked ever upwards; and the first words he spake were, “Where is the ruler of this folk?

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**Who acts:** knight, first words · **What happens:** halt, look, greet, speak, be · **To what, where:** entrance, man, ruler · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knight, first words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66084:2:22
# text = The knight halted in the entrance of the hall, looking to the high daïs, and greeted no man, but looked ever upwards; and the first words he spake were, “Where is the ruler of this folk?
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	halted	halt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	entrance	entrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hall	hall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	daïs	daï	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	greeted	greet	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
19	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	20	det	_	_
20	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
24	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	25	advmod	_	_
25	upwards	upwards	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	39	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	30	amod	_	_
30	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	nsubj	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
32	spake	speak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	appos	_	_
33	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	39	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
35	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	39	advmod	_	_
37	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	39	cop	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	ruler	ruler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
40	of	of	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	42	det	_	_
42	folk	folk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **halt** | past | the knight |  |  | the entrance of the hall |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **look** | gerund | the knight *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the high daïs | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to daï=Theme |
| 3 | **greet** *speech: greet* | past |  |  | no man |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Theme |
| 4 | **look** | past |  |  |  |  | ever | upwards *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 5 | **speak** *speech: other* |  | Knight |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | the first words | the ruler |  |  |  | of this folk | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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