--- title: He frowned and twisted his beard, waiting to see who should rise, an… — Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-Englis… · tree and pragmatics description: He frowned and twisted his beard, waiting to see who should rise, and when none answered he cried aloud in mockery, “What, is this Arthur’s hall, and these the knights whose renown hath run through many realms? Who acts: Knight, none, hall, renown. A sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A M --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/2/49/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Mid…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/) / [Opening, part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/2/) / 49 # Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 2, sentence 49 He frowned and twisted his beard, waiting to see who should rise, and when none answered he cried aloud in mockery, “What, is this Arthur’s hall, and these the knights whose renown hath run through many realms? **Who acts:** Knight, none, hall, renown, knights · **What happens:** frown, twist, wait, see, rise, answer · **To what, where:** beard, mockery, many realms · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Knight, none, hall, renown), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66084:2:49 # text = He frowned and twisted his beard, waiting to see who should rise, and when none answered he cried aloud in mockery, “What, is this Arthur’s hall, and these the knights whose renown hath run through many realms? 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 frowned frown VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 4 twisted twist VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 5 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 beard beard NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 8 waiting wait VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 9 to to PART TO _ 10 mark _ _ 10 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 advcl _ _ 11 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 13 nsubj _ _ 12 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 13 rise rise VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 16 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 18 advmod _ _ 17 none none PRON NN PronType=Neg 18 nsubj _ _ 18 answered answer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 advcl _ _ 19 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 cried cry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 21 aloud aloud ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 22 in in ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 mockery mockery NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 “ " PUNCT `` _ 26 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 26 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 20 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 28 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 cop _ _ 29 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 30 det _ _ 30 Arthur Arthur PROPN NNP Number=Sing 32 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 31 ’s 's PART POS _ 30 case _ _ 32 hall hall NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 35 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 37 det _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 knights knight NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 nsubj _ _ 38 whose whose PRON WP$ Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel 39 nmod:poss _ _ 39 renown renown NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nsubj _ _ 40 hath have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 acl:relcl _ _ 41 run run VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 42 through through ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 44 amod _ _ 44 realms realm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 45 ? ? PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **frown** | past | Knight | | | | | | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **twist** | past | Knight *not said here* | Knight's beard | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent beard=Theme | | 3 | **wait** | gerund | Knight *not said here* | | | | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **see** | to-infinitive | Knight *not said here* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 5 | **rise** | should | | | | | | who *nsubj* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | none | | | | | | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | Knight | | | mockery | | aloud *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 8 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | this Arthur's hall | | | | | | tree rules | | 9 | **have** *in a quote* | present | renown | | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **run** *in a quote* | present | this knights | | | many realms | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through realm=Trajectory | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/2/48/) - next →: [sentence 50](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/2/50/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/2/)