--- title: The knight upon Gringalet rode lonely beneath them, through marsh an… — Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-Englis… · tree and pragmatics description: The knight upon Gringalet rode lonely beneath them, through marsh and mire, much troubled at heart lest he should fail to see the service of the Lord, who on that self-same night was born of a Maiden for the cure of our grief; and therefore he said, sighing, “I beseech Thee, Lord, and Mary Thy gentl --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/3/88/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Mid…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/) / [Opening, part 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/3/) / 88 # Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 3, sentence 88 The knight upon Gringalet rode lonely beneath them, through marsh and mire, much troubled at heart lest he should fail to see the service of the Lord, who on that self-same night was born of a Maiden for the cure of our grief; and therefore he said, sighing, “I beseech Thee, Lord, and Mary Thy gentle Mother, for some shelter where I may hear Mass, and Thy mattins at morn. **Who acts:** knight, Gringalet · **What happens:** ride, fail, not see, bear, say, sigh · **To what, where:** Mary, marsh, service, Thee, Mass, Lord · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knight, Gringalet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66084:3:88 # text = The knight upon Gringalet rode lonely beneath them, through marsh and mire, much troubled at heart lest he should fail to see the service of the Lord, who on that self-same night was born of a Maiden for the cure of our grief; and therefore he said, sighing, “I beseech Thee, Lord, and Mary Thy gentle Mother, for some shelter where I may hear Mass, and Thy mattins at morn. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 knight knight NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 upon upon ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 Gringalet Gringalet PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 5 rode ride VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 lonely lonely ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 xcomp _ _ 7 beneath beneath ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 through through ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 marsh marsh NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 mire mire NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 much much ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 troubled troubled ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 parataxis _ _ 17 at at ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 19 lest lest SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 20 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 21 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 fail fail VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 advcl _ _ 23 to to PART TO _ 24 mark _ _ 24 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 xcomp _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 service service NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 27 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 Lord Lord PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 31 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 39 nsubj:pass _ _ 32 on on ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 33 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 37 det _ _ 34 self self NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 35 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 34 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 36 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 38 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 39 aux:pass _ _ 39 born bear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 26 acl _ _ 40 of of ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 Maiden Maiden PROPN NNP Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 43 for for ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 cure cure NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 46 of of ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 47 our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 48 nmod:poss _ _ 48 grief grief NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 49 ; ; PUNCT : _ 53 punct _ _ 50 and and CCONJ CC _ 53 cc _ _ 51 therefore therefore ADV RB _ 53 advmod _ _ 52 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 53 nsubj _ _ 53 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 54 , , PUNCT , _ 55 punct _ _ 55 sighing sigh VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 53 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 56 , , PUNCT , _ 59 punct _ _ 57 “ " PUNCT `` _ 59 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 58 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 59 nsubj _ _ 59 beseech beseech VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 55 conj _ _ 60 Thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 59 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 61 , , PUNCT , _ 62 punct _ _ 62 Lord Lord PROPN NNP Number=Sing 59 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 63 , , PUNCT , _ 65 punct _ _ 64 and and CCONJ CC _ 65 cc _ _ 65 Mary Mary PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 66 Thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 68 nmod:poss _ _ 67 gentle gentle ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 68 amod _ _ 68 Mother mother NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 69 , , PUNCT , _ 72 punct _ _ 70 for for ADP IN _ 72 case _ _ 71 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 72 det _ _ 72 shelter shelter NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 appos _ _ 73 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 76 advmod _ _ 74 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 76 nsubj _ _ 75 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 76 aux _ _ 76 hear hear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 72 acl:relcl _ _ 77 Mass Mass PROPN NNP Number=Sing 76 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 78 , , PUNCT , _ 81 punct _ _ 79 and and CCONJ CC _ 81 cc _ _ 80 Thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 81 nmod:poss _ _ 81 mattins mattin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 65 conj _ _ 82 at at ADP IN _ 83 case _ _ 83 morn morn NOUN NN Number=Sing 81 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 84 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **ride** | past | the knight upon Gringalet | Mary and Thy mattins at morn | | marsh and mire | | beneath birds *= bird*; lonely *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent through marsh=Trajectory | | 2 | **fail** | should | Gringalet | | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 3 | **not** **see** | to-infinitive | Gringalet *not said here* | the service of the Lord | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer service=Stimulus | | 4 | **bear** | past · passive | | the service of the Lord | | | night | of a Maiden; for the cure of our grief | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus for cure=Attribute | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Gringalet | | | | | therefore *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **sigh** | gerund | Gringalet *not said here* | | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **beseech** *in a quote* | present | Gringalet | Thee | | | | Lord *obl* | tree rules | | 8 | **hear** *in a quote* | may | Gringalet | Mass | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer mass=Stimulus | | 9 | **service** | | | the Lord | | | | | nom service «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 87](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/3/87/) - next →: [sentence 89](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/3/89/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/3/)