--- title: The lord, for gladness, made merry jest, even as one who wist not wh… — Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-Englis… · tree and pragmatics description: The lord, for gladness, made merry jest, even as one who wist not what to do for joy; and he cried aloud to the knight, “Ye have promised to do the thing I bid ye: will ye hold to this behest, here, at once?” Who acts: lord, ye. A sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthur --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/4/91/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Mid…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/) / [Opening, part 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/4/) / 91 # Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 4, sentence 91 The lord, for gladness, made merry jest, even as one who wist not what to do for joy; and he cried aloud to the knight, “Ye have promised to do the thing I bid ye: will ye hold to this behest, here, at once?” **Who acts:** lord, ye · **What happens:** make, not wist, do, cry, promise, bid · **To what, where:** merry jest, knight, Ye, thing · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lord, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66084:4:91 # text = The lord, for gladness, made merry jest, even as one who wist not what to do for joy; and he cried aloud to the knight, “Ye have promised to do the thing I bid ye: will ye hold to this behest, here, at once?” 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 lord lord NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 4 for for ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 gladness gladness NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 acl _ _ 8 merry merry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 jest jest NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 11 even even ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 12 as as ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 9 appos _ _ 14 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 15 nsubj _ _ 15 wist wist VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 acl:relcl _ _ 16 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 15 advmod _ _ 17 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 19 obj _ _ 18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark _ _ 19 do do VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 ccomp _ _ 20 for for ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 joy joy NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 22 ; ; PUNCT : _ 25 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 24 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 25 cried cry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 26 aloud aloud ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 27 to to ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 knight knight NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 31 “ " PUNCT `` _ 34 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 32 Ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 34 nsubj:pass _ _ 33 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 34 promised promise VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 25 conj _ _ 35 to to PART TO _ 36 mark _ _ 36 do do VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 34 xcomp _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 39 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 40 bid bid VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 38 acl:relcl _ _ 41 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 40 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 42 : : PUNCT : _ 45 punct _ _ 43 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 45 aux _ _ 44 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 45 nsubj _ _ 45 hold hold VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 parataxis _ _ 46 to to ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 47 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 48 det _ _ 48 behest behest NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 49 , , PUNCT , _ 50 punct _ _ 50 here here ADV RB PronType=Dem 45 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 51 , , PUNCT , _ 53 punct _ _ 52 at at ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 53 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 45 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 54 ? ? PUNCT . _ 45 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 55 ” " PUNCT '' _ 45 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | participle | the lord and gladness *not said here* | merry jest | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset jest=Product | | 2 | **not** **wist** | present | | | | | | who *nsubj* | tree rules | | 3 | **do** | to-infinitive | | | | | | for joy; what *obj* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | | 4 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | the lord and gladness | | the knight | | | aloud *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Agent to knight=Recipient clause=Topic | | 5 | **promise** *speech: promise* *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive | | Ye | | | | | vn promise-37.13 «NP V NP that S»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | | 6 | **do** *not said to happen, in a quote* | to-infinitive | | the thing | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality | | 7 | **bid** *in a quote* | past | the lord and gladness *= lord* | ye | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **hold** *in a quote* | future | ye | | | here | | to this behest; once *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 90](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/4/90/) - next →: [sentence 92](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/4/92/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/4/)