---
title: And the lady spake: “So true a knight as Gawain is holden, and one s… — Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-Englis… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the lady spake: “So true a knight as Gawain is holden, and one so perfect in courtesy, would never have tarried so long with a lady but he would of his courtesy have craved a kiss at parting.” Who acts: knight. A sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Re
---

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# Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 5, sentence 66

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And the lady spake: “So true a knight as Gawain is holden, and one so perfect in courtesy, would never have tarried so long with a lady but he would of his courtesy have craved a kiss at parting.”

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**Who acts:** knight · **What happens:** be, not tarry, crave · **To what, where:** kiss, parting, lady spake

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This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66084:5:66
# text = And the lady spake: “So true a knight as Gawain is holden, and one so perfect in courtesy, would never have tarried so long with a lady but he would of his courtesy have craved a kiss at parting.”
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	lady	lady	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	spake	speak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
6	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	So	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Gawain	Gawain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	holden	holden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nsubj	_	_
18	so	so	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	courtesy	courtesy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
24	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	26	advmod	_	_
25	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	aux	_	_
26	tarried	tarry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	39	advcl	_	_
27	so	so	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	26	advmod	_	_
29	with	with	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	lady	lady	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
32	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
33	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
34	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	courtesy	courtesy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
38	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
39	craved	crave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	conj	_	_
40	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	kiss	kiss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obj	_	_
42	at	at	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	parting	parting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | a knight as Gawain |  |  |  |  | holden *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **tarry** *in a quote* | would · perfect |  |  |  |  |  | with a lady; long *property* | vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **crave** *in a quote* | would · perfect |  | a kiss |  | parting |  |  | vn want-32.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot kiss=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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