--- title: They laughed and jested together, and sat them down to supper, where… — Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-Englis… · tree and pragmatics description: They laughed and jested together, and sat them down to supper, where they were served with many dainties; and after supper they sat by the hearth, and wine was served out to them; and oft in their jesting they promised to observe on the morrow the same covenant that they had made before, and whateve --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/5/85/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Mid…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/) / [Opening, part 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/5/) / 85 # Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 5, sentence 85 They laughed and jested together, and sat them down to supper, where they were served with many dainties; and after supper they sat by the hearth, and wine was served out to them; and oft in their jesting they promised to observe on the morrow the same covenant that they had made before, and whatever chance might betide to exchange their spoil, be it much or little, when they met at night. **Who acts:** wis, chance · **What happens:** laugh, jest, sit down, serve, sit, serve out · **To what, where:** wis, wine, jesting, same covenant, morrow, spoil This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wis, chance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66084:5:85 # text = They laughed and jested together, and sat them down to supper, where they were served with many dainties; and after supper they sat by the hearth, and wine was served out to them; and oft in their jesting they promised to observe on the morrow the same covenant that they had made before, and whatever chance might betide to exchange their spoil, be it much or little, when they met at night. 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 laughed laugh VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 4 jested jest VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 5 together together ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 sat sit VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 9 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ _ 10 down down ADP RP _ 8 compound:prt _ _ 11 to to ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 supper supper NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 14 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 17 advmod _ _ 15 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj:pass _ _ 16 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 17 aux:pass _ _ 17 served serve VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 12 acl:relcl _ _ 18 with with ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 dainties dainty NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 21 ; ; PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 23 after after ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 supper supper NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 25 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 26 sat sit VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 27 by by ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 hearth hearth NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 32 wine wine NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nsubj:pass _ _ 33 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 34 aux:pass _ _ 34 served serve VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 26 conj _ _ 35 out out ADP RP _ 34 compound:prt _ _ 36 to to ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 38 ; ; PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 39 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 40 oft oft ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 parataxis _ _ 41 in in ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ _ 43 jesting jesting NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obl _ _ 44 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 45 nsubj _ _ 45 promised promise VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 43 acl:relcl _ _ 46 to to PART TO _ 47 mark _ _ 47 observe observe VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 45 xcomp _ _ 48 on on ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 morrow morrow NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obl _ _ 51 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 52 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 53 amod _ _ 53 covenant covenant NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obj _ _ 54 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 57 obl _ _ 55 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 57 nsubj _ _ 56 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 57 aux _ _ 57 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 53 acl:relcl _ _ 58 before before ADV RB _ 57 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 59 , , PUNCT , _ 64 punct _ _ 60 and and CCONJ CC _ 64 cc _ _ 61 whatever whatever DET WDT PronType=Int 62 det _ _ 62 chance chance NOUN NN Number=Sing 64 nsubj _ _ 63 might might AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 64 aux _ _ 64 betide betide VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 conj _ _ 65 to to PART TO _ 66 mark _ _ 66 exchange exchange VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 64 xcomp _ _ 67 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 68 nmod:poss _ _ 68 spoil spoil NOUN NN Number=Sing 66 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 69 , , PUNCT , _ 70 punct _ _ 70 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 72 cop _ _ 71 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 70 obj _ _ 72 much much ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 64 ccomp _ _ 73 or or CCONJ CC _ 74 cc _ _ 74 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 72 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 75 , , PUNCT , _ 78 punct _ _ 76 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 78 advmod _ _ 77 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 78 nsubj _ _ 78 met meet VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 79 at at ADP IN _ 80 case _ _ 80 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 78 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 81 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **laugh** | past | wis *= wi* | | | | | | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **jest** *speech: other* | past | wis *= wi* *not said here* | | | | | together *property* | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **sit down** | past | wis *= wi* *not said here* | wis *= wi* | | | | to supper | tree rules | | 4 | **serve** | past · passive | | wis *= wi* | | | | with many dainties | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: subject=Recipient with dainty=Theme | | 5 | **sit** | past | wis *= wi* | | | | after supper | by the hearth | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by hearth=Location | | 6 | **serve out** | past · passive | | wine | wis *= wi* | | | | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to they=Recipient | | 7 | **promise** *speech: promise* | past | wis *= wi* | wis's jesting *not said here* | | | | | vn promise-37.13 «NP V NP that S»: agent=Agent jesting=Recipient clause=Topic | | 8 | **observe** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | wis *= wi* *not said here* | the same covenant | | the morrow | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent covenant=Topic | | 9 | **make** | past · perfect | wis *= wi* | the same covenant | | | | before *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | | 10 | **betide** | might | whatever chance | | | | | | tree rules | | 11 | **exchange** | to-infinitive | whatever chance *not said here* | wis's spoil | | | | | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spoil=Theme | | 12 | **is** | infinitive | whatever chance *not said here* | | | | | much *property* | tree rules | | 13 | **be** | | whatever chance *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 14 | **meet** | past | wis *= wi* | | | | night | | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 15 | **spoil** | | wis *= wi* | | | | | | nom spoil «possession transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 84](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/5/84/) - next →: [sentence 86](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/5/86/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/5/)