---
title: And as they beat the bushes, suddenly over the beaters there rushed… — Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-Englis… · tree and pragmatics
description: And as they beat the bushes, suddenly over the beaters there rushed forth a wondrous great and fierce boar, long since had he left the herd to roam by himself. Who acts: beasts, beaters, knight. A sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose
---

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# Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 5, sentence 95

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And as they beat the bushes, suddenly over the beaters there rushed forth a wondrous great and fierce boar, long since had he left the herd to roam by himself.

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**Who acts:** beasts, beaters, knight · **What happens:** beat, rush, have, leave, roam · **To what, where:** bushes, wondrous great boar, herd

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This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (beasts, beaters, knight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66084:5:95
# text = And as they beat the bushes, suddenly over the beaters there rushed forth a wondrous great and fierce boar, long since had he left the herd to roam by himself.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
2	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	beat	beat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bushes	bush	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
8	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	over	over	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	beaters	beater	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
12	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	_
13	rushed	rush	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
16	wondrous	wondrous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
17	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	fierce	fierce	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	_
20	boar	boar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
23	since	since	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
24	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	advcl	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	ccomp	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
29	to	to	PART	TO	_	30	mark	_	_
30	roam	roam	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	acl	_	_
31	by	by	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beat** | present | beasts *= beast* | the bushes |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bush=Theme |
| 2 | **rush** | past | the beaters | a wondrous great boar |  | there |  | forth *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **have** | past | the beaters *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **leave** | past | knight | the herd |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent herd=Theme |
| 5 | **roam** | to-infinitive | knight *not said here* | the herd *not said here* |  |  |  | by knight | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by himself=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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