---
title: And as they spake together she said, “I would learn somewhat from ye… — Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-Englis… · tree and pragmatics
description: And as they spake together she said, “I would learn somewhat from ye, an ye would not be wroth, for young ye are and fair, and so courteous and knightly as ye are known to be, the head of all chivalry, and versed in all wisdom of love and war—’tis ever told of true knights how they adventured their 
---

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# Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 6, sentence 12

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And as they spake together she said, “I would learn somewhat from ye, an ye would not be wroth, for young ye are and fair, and so courteous and knightly as ye are known to be, the head of all chivalry, and versed in all wisdom of love and war—’tis ever told of true knights how they adventured their lives for their true love, and endured hardships for her favours, and avenged her with valour, and eased her sorrows, and brought joy to her bower; and ye are the fairest knight of your time, and your fame and your honour are everywhere, yet I have sat by ye here twice, and never a word have heard of love!

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** words, lady, ye, tis, fame, your · **What happens:** speak, say, learn, not be, be, know · **To what, where:** ye, head, wisdom, lives, hardships, lady · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (words, lady, ye, tis), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66084:6:12
# text = And as they spake together she said, “I would learn somewhat from ye, an ye would not be wroth, for young ye are and fair, and so courteous and knightly as ye are known to be, the head of all chivalry, and versed in all wisdom of love and war—’tis ever told of true knights how they adventured their lives for their true love, and endured hardships for her favours, and avenged her with valour, and eased her sorrows, and brought joy to her bower; and ye are the fairest knight of your time, and your fame and your honour are everywhere, yet I have sat by ye here twice, and never a word have heard of love!
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	spake	speak	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
5	together	together	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	_
13	somewhat	somewhat	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
17	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
18	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	22	nsubj	_	_
19	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	22	advmod	_	_
21	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	cop	_	_
22	wroth	wroth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	_
26	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	25	nsubj	_	_
27	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	so	so	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
33	courteous	courteous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	parataxis	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	knightly	knightly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	conj	_	_
36	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	39	mark	_	_
37	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	39	nsubj:pass	_	_
38	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	39	aux:pass	_	_
39	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	33	advcl	_	_
40	to	to	PART	TO	_	44	mark	_	_
41	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	44	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	xcomp	_	_
45	of	of	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
46	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	47	det	_	_
47	chivalry	chivalry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
49	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	50	cc	_	_
50	versed	verse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
51	in	in	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	53	det	_	_
53	wisdom	wisdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	obl	_	_
54	of	of	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
55	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	nmod	_	_
56	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	57	cc	_	_
57	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	62	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	’	'	PUNCT	``	_	62	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	tis	tis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	62	nsubj	_	_
61	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	62	advmod	_	_
62	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
63	of	of	ADP	IN	_	65	case	_	_
64	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	65	amod	_	_
65	knights	knight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	62	obl	_	_
66	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	68	advmod	_	_
67	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	68	nsubj	_	_
68	adventured	adventure	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	62	advcl	_	_
69	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	70	nmod:poss	_	_
70	lives	life	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	68	obj	_	_
71	for	for	ADP	IN	_	74	case	_	_
72	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	74	nmod:poss	_	_
73	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	74	amod	_	_
74	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	68	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
75	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	77	punct	_	_
76	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	77	cc	_	_
77	endured	endure	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	62	conj	_	_
78	hardships	hardship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	77	obj	_	_
79	for	for	ADP	IN	_	81	case	_	_
80	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	81	nmod:poss	_	_
81	favours	favour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	77	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
82	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	84	punct	_	_
83	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	84	cc	_	_
84	avenged	avenge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	62	conj	_	_
85	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	84	obj	_	_
86	with	with	ADP	IN	_	87	case	_	_
87	valour	valour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	84	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
88	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	90	punct	_	_
89	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	90	cc	_	_
90	eased	ease	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	84	conj	_	_
91	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	92	nmod:poss	_	_
92	sorrows	sorrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	90	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
93	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	95	punct	_	_
94	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	95	cc	_	_
95	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	90	conj	_	_
96	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	95	obj	_	_
97	to	to	ADP	IN	_	99	case	_	_
98	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	99	nmod:poss	_	_
99	bower	bower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	95	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
100	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	106	punct	_	_
101	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	106	cc	_	_
102	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	106	nsubj	_	_
103	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	106	cop	_	_
104	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	106	det	_	_
105	fairest	fair	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	106	amod	_	_
106	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	parataxis	_	_
107	of	of	ADP	IN	_	109	case	_	_
108	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	109	nmod:poss	_	_
109	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	106	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
110	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	118	punct	_	_
111	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	118	cc	_	_
112	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	113	nmod:poss	_	_
113	fame	fame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	118	nsubj	_	_
114	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	116	cc	_	_
115	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	116	nmod:poss	_	_
116	honour	honour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	113	conj	_	_
117	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	118	cop	_	_
118	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
119	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	123	punct	_	_
120	yet	yet	CCONJ	CC	_	123	cc	_	_
121	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	123	nsubj	_	_
122	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	123	aux	_	_
123	sat	sit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
124	by	by	ADP	IN	_	125	case	_	_
125	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	123	obl	_	_
126	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	123	advmod	_	_
127	twice	twice	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	123	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
128	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	134	punct	_	_
129	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	134	cc	_	_
130	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	132	advmod	_	_
131	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	132	det	_	_
132	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	134	nsubj:pass	_	_
133	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	134	aux	_	_
134	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
135	of	of	ADP	IN	_	136	case	_	_
136	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	134	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
137	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | words *= word* |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: express* | past | lady |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **learn** *in a quote* | would | lady |  |  | ye |  | somewhat *property* | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from ye=Source |
| 4 | **not** **is** *in a quote* | would | ye |  |  |  |  | wroth *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **is** *in a quote* | present | ye |  |  |  |  | young *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **be** *in a quote* |  | ye *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **know** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | ye |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |
| 8 | **is a** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  | the head |  |  |  | of all chivalry | tree rules |
| 9 | **verse** *in a quote* | participle | lady *not said here* |  |  | all wisdom of love and war |  |  | tree rules |
| 10 | **tell** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | tis |  |  |  | ever | of true knights | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 11 | **adventure** *in a quote* | past | words *= word* | words's lives |  |  |  | for words's true love | tree rules |
| 12 | **endure** *in a quote* | past | tis *not said here* | hardships |  |  |  | for lady's favours | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme hardship=Circumstance |
| 13 | **avenge** *in a quote* | past | tis *not said here* | lady |  |  |  | with valour | tree rules |
| 14 | **ease** *in a quote* | past | tis *not said here* | lady's sorrows |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent sorrow=Patient |
| 15 | **bring** *in a quote* | past | tis *not said here* | joy |  | lady's bower |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent joy=Theme to bower=Destination |
| 16 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | ye | the fairest knight |  |  | time |  | tree rules |
| 17 | **is** *in a quote* | present | your fame and your honour |  |  |  |  | everywhere *property* | tree rules |
| 18 | **sit** *in a quote* | present · perfect | lady |  |  | here |  | by ye; twice *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by ye=Location |
| 19 | **hear** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | a word |  |  |  | of love | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |
| 20 | **love** *in a quote* |  | words *= word* |  |  |  |  |  | nom love «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
| 21 | **favour** *in a quote* |  | lady |  |  |  |  |  | nom favour «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
| 22 | **sorrow** *in a quote* |  | lady |  |  |  |  |  | nom sorrow «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 23 | **honour** *in a quote* |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom honour «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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