---
title: The snow drave smartly, and the whistling wind blew from the heights… — Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-Englis… · tree and pragmatics
description: The snow drave smartly, and the whistling wind blew from the heights, and made great drifts in the valleys. Who acts: snow, whistling wind. A sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7, with its depend
---

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# Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 7, sentence 43

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The snow drave smartly, and the whistling wind blew from the heights, and made great drifts in the valleys.

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**Who acts:** snow, whistling wind · **What happens:** drave, blow, make · **To what, where:** great drifts, valleys

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This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (snow, whistling wind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66084:7:43
# text = The snow drave smartly, and the whistling wind blew from the heights, and made great drifts in the valleys.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	drave	drave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	smartly	smartly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	whistling	whistling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	blew	blow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	heights	height	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
17	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	drifts	drift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	valleys	valley	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drave** | infinitive | the snow |  |  |  |  | smartly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **blow** | past | the whistling wind |  |  |  |  | from the heights | vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient from height=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **make** | past | the whistling wind *not said here* | great drifts |  | the valleys |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset drift=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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