--- title: He arose ere the day broke, by the light of a lamp that burned in hi… — Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-Englis… · tree and pragmatics description: He arose ere the day broke, by the light of a lamp that burned in his chamber, and called to his chamberlain, bidding him bring his armour and saddle his steed. Who acts: knight, day, lamp. A sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/7/45/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Mid…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/) / [Opening, part 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/7/) / 45 # Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 7, sentence 45 He arose ere the day broke, by the light of a lamp that burned in his chamber, and called to his chamberlain, bidding him bring his armour and saddle his steed. **Who acts:** knight, day, lamp · **What happens:** arise, break, burn, call, bid, bring · **To what, where:** chamber, chamberlain, knight, armour, steed, lamp · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knight, day, lamp), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66084:7:45 # text = He arose ere the day broke, by the light of a lamp that burned in his chamber, and called to his chamberlain, bidding him bring his armour and saddle his steed. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 arose arise VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 ere ere ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 6 broke break VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 8 by by ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 lamp lamp NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 14 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 15 nsubj _ _ 15 burned burn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 acl:relcl _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ _ 18 chamber chamber NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 parataxis _ _ 22 to to ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ _ 24 chamberlain chamberlain NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 26 bidding bid VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 21 advcl _ _ 27 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ _ 28 bring bring VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 xcomp _ _ 29 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ _ 30 armour armour NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 saddle saddle VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 conj _ _ 33 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ _ 34 steed steed NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 35 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **arise** | past | knight | | | | | ere *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **break** | past | the day | | | | | by the light of a lamp | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by light=Location | | 3 | **burn** | past | a lamp | | | knight's chamber | | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in chamber=Location | | 4 | **call** | participle | | | knight's chamberlain | | | | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to chamberlain=Recipient | | 5 | **bid** | gerund | | knight | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **bring** | infinitive | | knight's armour | | | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent armour=Theme | | 7 | **saddle** | infinitive | | knight's steed | | | | | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent steed=Destination | | 8 | **light** | | | a lamp | | | | | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/7/44/) - next →: [sentence 46](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/7/46/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/7/)