---
title: Gawain abode the stroke, and flinched in no limb, but stood still as… — Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-Englis… · tree and pragmatics
description: Gawain abode the stroke, and flinched in no limb, but stood still as a stone or the stump of a tree that is fast rooted in the rocky ground with a hundred roots. Who acts: Gawain. A sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. 
---

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# Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 8, sentence 49

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Gawain abode the stroke, and flinched in no limb, but stood still as a stone or the stump of a tree that is fast rooted in the rocky ground with a hundred roots.

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**Who acts:** Gawain · **What happens:** abide, flinch, stand, root · **To what, where:** stroke, limb, tree, rocky ground

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This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gawain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66084:8:49
# text = Gawain abode the stroke, and flinched in no limb, but stood still as a stone or the stump of a tree that is fast rooted in the rocky ground with a hundred roots.
1	Gawain	Gawain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	abode	abide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	stroke	stroke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	flinched	flinch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	10	det	_	_
10	limb	limb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	still	still	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	stump	stump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
25	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux:pass	_	_
26	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	27	advmod	_	_
27	rooted	root	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	acl:relcl	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	rocky	rocky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
32	with	with	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	35	nummod	_	_
35	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abide** | past | Gawain | the stroke |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **flinch** | participle | Gawain *not said here* |  |  | no limb |  |  | vn flinch-40.5 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **stand** | past | Gawain *not said here* |  |  |  | still | as a stone or the stump of a tree | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **root** | present · passive |  | a tree |  | the rocky ground with hundred roots |  | fast *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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