--- title: And when the knight saw the blood staining the snow, he sprang forth… — Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-Englis… · tree and pragmatics description: And when the knight saw the blood staining the snow, he sprang forth, swift-foot, more than a spear’s length, seized his helmet and set it on his head, cast his shield over his shoulder, drew out his bright sword, and spake boldly (never since he was born was he half so blithe), “Stop, Sir Knight, b --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/61/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Mid…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/) / [Opening, part 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/) / 61 # Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 8, sentence 61 And when the knight saw the blood staining the snow, he sprang forth, swift-foot, more than a spear’s length, seized his helmet and set it on his head, cast his shield over his shoulder, drew out his bright sword, and spake boldly (never since he was born was he half so blithe), “Stop, Sir Knight, bid me no more blows. **Who acts:** knight, blood · **What happens:** see, stain, spring, seize, set, cast · **To what, where:** blood, snow, swift foot, helmet, head, shield · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knight, blood), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66084:8:61 # text = And when the knight saw the blood staining the snow, he sprang forth, swift-foot, more than a spear’s length, seized his helmet and set it on his head, cast his shield over his shoulder, drew out his bright sword, and spake boldly (never since he was born was he half so blithe), “Stop, Sir Knight, bid me no more blows. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 2 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 5 advmod _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 knight knight NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 advcl _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 staining stain VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 7 acl _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 snow snow NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 12 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 13 sprang spring VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 advcl _ _ 14 forth forth ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 swift swift NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 17 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 16 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 18 foot foot NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 18 conj _ _ 21 than than ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 spear spear NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 24 ’s 's PART POS _ 23 case _ _ 25 length length NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 27 seized seize VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 28 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 29 helmet helmet NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 31 set set VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 conj _ _ 32 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 obj _ _ 33 on on ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ _ 35 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 37 cast cast VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 conj _ _ 38 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 39 nmod:poss _ _ 39 shield shield NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obj _ _ 40 over over ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ _ 42 shoulder shoulder NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 43 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 44 drew draw VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 conj _ _ 45 out out ADP RP _ 44 compound:prt _ _ 46 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 48 nmod:poss _ _ 47 bright bright ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 48 amod _ _ 48 sword sword NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 49 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 50 and and CCONJ CC _ 51 cc _ _ 51 spake speak VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 conj _ _ 52 boldly boldly ADV RB Degree=Pos 51 advmod _ _ 53 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 54 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 54 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 63 advmod _ _ 55 since since SCONJ IN _ 58 mark _ _ 56 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 58 nsubj:pass _ _ 57 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 58 aux:pass _ _ 58 born bear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 54 advcl _ _ 59 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 63 cop _ _ 60 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 63 nsubj _ _ 61 half half ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac 63 advmod _ _ 62 so so ADV RB _ 63 advmod _ _ 63 blithe blithe ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 51 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 64 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 63 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 65 , , PUNCT , _ 67 punct _ _ 66 “ " PUNCT `` _ 67 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 67 Stop stop VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 51 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 68 , , PUNCT , _ 69 punct _ _ 69 Sir Sir PROPN NNP Number=Sing 67 obj _ _ 70 Knight Knight PROPN NNP Number=Sing 69 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 71 , , PUNCT , _ 72 punct _ _ 72 bid bid VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 conj _ _ 73 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 72 obj _ _ 74 no no ADV RB _ 76 advmod _ _ 75 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 76 amod _ _ 76 blows blow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 72 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 77 . . PUNCT . _ 27 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** | past | the knight | the blood | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer blood=Stimulus | | 2 | **stain** | gerund | the blood *not said here* | the snow | | | | | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent snow=Destination | | 3 | **spring** | past | knight | swift foot | | | | forth *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **seize** | past | | knight's helmet | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent helmet=Theme | | 5 | **set** | infinitive | | blood | | knight's head | | | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme on head=Destination | | 6 | **cast** | infinitive | | knight's shield | | knight's shoulder | | | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent shield=Theme over shoulder=Destination | | 7 | **draw out** | past | | knight's bright sword | | | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Theme | | 8 | **speak** *speech: other* | infinitive | | | | | | boldly *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 9 | **bear** | past · passive | | knight | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 10 | **not** **is** | past | knight | | | | | blithe, half *property* | tree rules | | 11 | **stop** *in a quote* | infinitive | | Sir | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality sir=Eventuality | | 12 | **bid** *in a quote* | past | | me | | | | more blows *obj* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 60](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/60/) - next →: [sentence 62](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/62/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/)