--- title: Then he spake merrily in a loud voice, and said to the knight, “Bold… — Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-Englis… · tree and pragmatics description: Then he spake merrily in a loud voice, and said to the knight, “Bold sir, be not so fierce, no man here hath done thee wrong, nor will do, save by covenant, as we made at Arthur’s court. Who acts: knight, we. A sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/67/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Mid…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/) / [Opening, part 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/) / 67 # Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 8, sentence 67 Then he spake merrily in a loud voice, and said to the knight, “Bold sir, be not so fierce, no man here hath done thee wrong, nor will do, save by covenant, as we made at Arthur’s court. **Who acts:** knight, we · **What happens:** speak, say, not be, do, save, make · **To what, where:** loud voice, knight, man, court · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knight, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66084:8:67 # text = Then he spake merrily in a loud voice, and said to the knight, “Bold sir, be not so fierce, no man here hath done thee wrong, nor will do, save by covenant, as we made at Arthur’s court. 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 3 advmod _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 spake speak VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 merrily merrily ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 loud loud ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 12 to to ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 knight knight NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 “ " PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 17 Bold bold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 sir sir NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 20 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 23 cop _ _ 21 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 23 advmod _ _ 22 so so ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 23 fierce fierce ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 25 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 26 det _ _ 26 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 27 here here ADV RB PronType=Dem 26 advmod _ _ 28 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 aux:pass _ _ 29 done do VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 conj _ _ 30 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 29 obj _ _ 31 wrong wrong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 32 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 33 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 35 cc _ _ 34 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 35 do do VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 37 save save VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 35 conj _ _ 38 by by ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 covenant covenant NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 41 as as SCONJ IN _ 43 mark _ _ 42 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 43 nsubj _ _ 43 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 44 at at ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 45 Arthur Arthur PROPN NNP Number=Sing 47 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 46 ’s 's PART POS _ 45 case _ _ 47 court court NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 48 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | knight | | | a loud voice | then | merrily *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | knight *not said here* | | the knight and Bold sir | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to knight=Recipient | | 3 | **not** **is** *in a quote* | infinitive | | | | | | fierce *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **do** *in a quote* | present · passive | | no man | | | | thee *obj*; wrong *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **do** *in a quote* | future | knight *not said here* | | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **save** *in a quote* | infinitive | knight *not said here* | | | | | by covenant | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **make** *in a quote* | past | we | | | Arthur's court | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 66](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/66/) - next →: [sentence 68](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/68/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/)