--- title: “Nay, forsooth,” said Sir Gawain and seized his helmet and took it o… — Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-Englis… · tree and pragmatics description: “Nay, forsooth,” said Sir Gawain and seized his helmet and took it off swiftly, and thanked the knight: “I have fared ill, may bliss betide thee, and may He who rules all things reward thee swiftly. Who acts: Gawain, knight, things. A sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Ar --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/93/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Mid…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/) / [Opening, part 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/) / 93 # Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 8, sentence 93 “Nay, forsooth,” said Sir Gawain and seized his helmet and took it off swiftly, and thanked the knight: “I have fared ill, may bliss betide thee, and may He who rules all things reward thee swiftly. **Who acts:** Gawain, knight, things · **What happens:** say, seize, take off, thank, fare, bliss · **To what, where:** helmet, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gawain, knight, things), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66084:8:93 # text = “Nay, forsooth,” said Sir Gawain and seized his helmet and took it off swiftly, and thanked the knight: “I have fared ill, may bliss betide thee, and may He who rules all things reward thee swiftly. 1 “ " PUNCT `` _ 4 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 Nay nay INTJ UH _ 4 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 4 forsooth forsooth ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 6 ” " PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ 7 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 Sir Sir PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nmod:desc _ _ 9 Gawain Gawain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 seized seize VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 12 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ _ 13 helmet helmet NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 15 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 16 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ _ 17 off off ADP RP _ 15 compound:prt _ _ 18 swiftly swiftly ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 thanked thank VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 knight knight NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 24 : : PUNCT : _ 28 punct _ _ 25 “ " PUNCT `` _ 28 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 26 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 27 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 28 fared fare VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 21 conj _ _ 29 ill ill ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 31 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 32 bliss bliss VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 conj _ _ 33 betide betide VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 32 xcomp _ _ 34 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 33 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 37 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 38 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 39 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 40 nsubj _ _ 40 rules rule NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obl _ _ 41 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 42 det _ _ 42 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 nsubj _ _ 43 reward reward VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 acl:relcl _ _ 44 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 43 obj _ _ 45 swiftly swiftly ADV RB _ 43 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 46 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Gawain Sir | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **seize** | past | Gawain Sir *not said here* | Sir's helmet | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent helmet=Theme | | 3 | **take off** | past | Gawain Sir *not said here* | Helmet | | | | swiftly *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 4 | **thank** *speech: thank* | past | the knight | | | | | | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **fare** *in a quote* | present · perfect | the knight *= knight* | | | | | ill *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **bliss** *in a quote* | may | the knight *= knight* *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **betide** *in a quote* | infinitive | the knight *= knight* *not said here* | thee | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **rule** *in a quote* | may | Gawain | | | | | who *nsubj* | tree rules | | 9 | **reward** *in a quote* | present | all things | thee | | | | swiftly *property* | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent thou=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 92](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/92/) - next →: [sentence 94](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/94/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/)