---
title: In reading Hawaiian words do not end a syllable with a consonant, an… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: In reading Hawaiian words do not end a syllable with a consonant, and pronounce all vowels as if they were Italian or French. Who acts: vowels. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Opening, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, Opening, sentence 20

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In reading Hawaiian words do not end a syllable with a consonant, and pronounce all vowels as if they were Italian or French.

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**Who acts:** vowels · **What happens:** read, not end, pronounce, be · **To what, where:** Hawaiian words, syllable, vowels

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (vowels), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:1:20
# text = In reading Hawaiian words do not end a syllable with a consonant, and pronounce all vowels as if they were Italian or French.
1	In	in	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	reading	read	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
3	Hawaiian	hawaiian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	end	end	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	syllable	syllable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	consonant	consonant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	pronounce	pronounce	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
16	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	17	det	_	_
17	vowels	vowel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
18	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
19	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
20	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	Italian	Italian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	advcl	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | gerund |  | Hawaiian words |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **end** | present · do-support |  | a syllable |  |  |  | with a consonant | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality PP.subeventuality»: agent=Affector syllable=Eventuality with consonant=Subeventuality |
| 3 | **pronounce** | infinitive |  | all vowels |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vowel=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | past | vowels *= vowel* |  |  |  |  | italian *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** |  | vowels *= vowel* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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