--- title: The nearest approach to any permanent influence possibly coming from… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics description: The nearest approach to any permanent influence possibly coming from this shipwrecked man is the statement made to a chief by a native prophet long before the islands were discovered by Captain Cook, that from his predecessors he had learned the prophecy: “A communication would be made to them from --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/11/29/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Hawaiian Historical Legends](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/) / [First Foreigners](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/11/) / 29 # Hawaiian Historical Legends, First Foreigners, sentence 29 The nearest approach to any permanent influence possibly coming from this shipwrecked man is the statement made to a chief by a native prophet long before the islands were discovered by Captain Cook, that from his predecessors he had learned the prophecy: “A communication would be made to them from Heaven, the place of the real God, entirely different from anything they had known and that the tabu of the country would be subverted.” **Who acts:** permanent influence, nearest approach, Captain Cook, that · **What happens:** come, shipwreck, be, make, discover, learn · **To what, where:** statement, islands, prophecy, predecessors, communication, Heaven · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, First Foreigners. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (permanent influence, nearest approach, Captain Cook, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66357:11:29 # text = The nearest approach to any permanent influence possibly coming from this shipwrecked man is the statement made to a chief by a native prophet long before the islands were discovered by Captain Cook, that from his predecessors he had learned the prophecy: “A communication would be made to them from Heaven, the place of the real God, entirely different from anything they had known and that the tabu of the country would be subverted.” 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 nearest near ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 3 amod _ _ 3 approach approach NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 4 to to ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 5 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 7 det _ _ 6 permanent permanent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 influence influence NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 8 possibly possibly ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 9 coming come VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 7 acl _ _ 10 from from ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 11 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 13 det _ _ 12 shipwrecked shipwreck VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 13 amod _ _ 13 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 statement statement NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 17 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 16 acl _ _ 18 to to ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 chief chief NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 21 by by ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 23 native native ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 prophet prophet NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 25 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 24 advmod _ _ 26 before before SCONJ IN _ 30 mark _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 islands island NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj:pass _ _ 29 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 aux:pass _ _ 30 discovered discover VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 advcl _ _ 31 by by ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 Captain Captain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 33 compound _ _ 33 Cook Cook PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 35 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 41 nsubj _ _ 36 from from ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ _ 38 predecessors predecessor NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 obl _ _ 39 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 40 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 41 learned learn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 16 parataxis _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 prophecy prophecy NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 44 : : PUNCT : _ 50 punct _ _ 45 “ " PUNCT `` _ 50 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 46 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 communication communication NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 nsubj:pass _ _ 48 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 50 aux _ _ 49 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 50 aux:pass _ _ 50 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 16 parataxis _ _ 51 to to ADP IN _ 52 case _ _ 52 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 50 obl _ _ 53 from from ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 54 Heaven Heaven PROPN NNP Number=Sing 50 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 55 , , PUNCT , _ 57 punct _ _ 56 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 57 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 parataxis _ _ 58 of of ADP IN _ 61 case _ _ 59 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 61 det _ _ 60 real real ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 61 amod _ _ 61 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 57 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 62 , , PUNCT , _ 64 punct _ _ 63 entirely entirely ADV RB _ 64 advmod _ _ 64 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 57 parataxis _ _ 65 from from ADP IN _ 66 case _ _ 66 anything anything PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 64 obl _ _ 67 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 69 nsubj:pass _ _ 68 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 69 aux _ _ 69 known know VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 66 acl:relcl _ _ 70 and and CCONJ CC _ 79 cc _ _ 71 that that SCONJ IN _ 79 mark _ _ 72 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 73 det _ _ 73 tabu tabu NOUN NN Number=Sing 79 nsubj:pass _ _ 74 of of ADP IN _ 76 case _ _ 75 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 76 det _ _ 76 country country NOUN NN Number=Sing 73 nmod _ _ 77 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 79 aux _ _ 78 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 79 aux:pass _ _ 79 subverted subvert VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 64 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 80 . . PUNCT . _ 16 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 81 ” " PUNCT '' _ 16 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | gerund | any permanent influence *not said here* | | | | | from this shipwrecked man; possibly *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from man=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **shipwreck** | participle | | | | | | | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is a** | present | the nearest approach to any permanent influence | the statement | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **make** | participle | | the statement *not said here* | | | | to a chief; by a native prophet | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | | 5 | **discover** | past · passive | Captain Cook | the islands | | | | | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic | | 6 | **learn** | past · perfect | that | the prophecy | | Cook's predecessors | | Cook *nsubj* | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent prophecy=Topic from predecessor=Source | | 7 | **make** *in a quote* | would · passive | | a communication | islands *= island* | Heaven | | the place of the real God *parataxis* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from heaven=Material | | 8 | **know** *in a quote* | past · perfect · passive | | islands *= island* | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus | | 9 | **subvert** *in a quote* | would · passive | | the tabu of the country | | | | | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/11/28/) - next →: [sentence 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/11/30/) - ↑ back to [First Foreigners](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/11/)