---
title: The English made a slight change and said “clove.” — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: The English made a slight change and said “clove.” Who acts: English. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, First Foreigners, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, First Foreigners, sentence 3

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The English made a slight change and said “clove.”

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**Who acts:** English · **What happens:** make, say · **To what, where:** slight change, clove · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, First Foreigners. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (English), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:11:3
# text = The English made a slight change and said “clove.”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	slight	slight	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	clove	clove	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the English | a slight change |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent change=Product |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the English *not said here* | clove |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent clove=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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