---
title: Some natives skilled in the use of sling-stones threw stones against… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Some natives skilled in the use of sling-stones threw stones against the boat. Who acts: natives. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Captain Cook, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, Captain Cook, sentence 185

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Some natives skilled in the use of sling-stones threw stones against the boat.

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**Who acts:** natives · **What happens:** skill, throw, use · **To what, where:** natives, use, stones, boat, sling stones

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Captain Cook. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (natives), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:12:185
# text = Some natives skilled in the use of sling-stones threw stones against the boat.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	natives	native	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
3	skilled	skill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	sling	sling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
11	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
13	against	against	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skill** | participle |  | some natives *not said here* |  | the use of sling stones |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **throw** | past | some natives | stones |  | the boat |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent stone=Theme against boat=Destination |
| 3 | **use** |  |  | sling stones |  |  |  |  | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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