---
title: They called all iron pahoa—a tool for cutting, because there was onc… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: They called all iron pahoa—a tool for cutting, because there was once a sword among the old people of the Islands. Who acts: chief, tool. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Captain Cook, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, Captain Cook, sentence 38

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They called all iron pahoa—a tool for cutting, because there was once a sword among the old people of the Islands.

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**Who acts:** chief, tool · **What happens:** call, cut, be · **To what, where:** iron pahoa · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Captain Cook. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief, tool), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:12:38
# text = They called all iron pahoa—a tool for cutting, because there was once a sword among the old people of the Islands.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
4	iron	iron	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	pahoa	pahoa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	tool	tool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
9	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	cutting	cut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	14	expl	_	_
14	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
15	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	14	advmod	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
18	among	among	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	Islands	Island	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past | chief | all iron pahoa |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent pahoa=Recipient |
| 2 | **cut** | gerund | a tool *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **be** | past | chief *not said here* |  |  | there |  | once *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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