---
title: They went up on the ship and saw “a number of men with white forehea… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: They went up on the ship and saw “a number of men with white foreheads, shining eyes, skin wrinkled, square-cornered heads, indistinct words, and fire in their mouths.” Who acts: chief. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Captain Cook, with its dependency tree and the pr
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, Captain Cook, sentence 39

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They went up on the ship and saw “a number of men with white foreheads, shining eyes, skin wrinkled, square-cornered heads, indistinct words, and fire in their mouths.”

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**Who acts:** chief · **What happens:** go up, see, shine, wrinkle, corner · **To what, where:** ship, number, eyes · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Captain Cook. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:12:39
# text = They went up on the ship and saw “a number of men with white foreheads, shining eyes, skin wrinkled, square-cornered heads, indistinct words, and fire in their mouths.”
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	foreheads	forehead	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	shining	shine	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	conj	_	_
19	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
22	wrinkled	wrinkle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	square	square	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	cornered	corner	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	amod	_	_
27	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	indistinct	indistinct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	mouths	mouth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go up** | past | chief |  |  | the ship |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **see** | past | chief *not said here* | a number of men with white foreheads |  |  |  | fire in chief's mouths *obl* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer number=Stimulus |
| 3 | **shine** *in a quote* | gerund | chief *not said here* | eyes and skin and cornered heads and indistinct words |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent eye=Theme |
| 4 | **wrinkle** *in a quote* | participle |  | eyes and skin and cornered heads and indistinct words *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **corner** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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