---
title: The king and high chiefs wore the feather cloaks and helmets betoken… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: The king and high chiefs wore the feather cloaks and helmets betokening their rank. Who acts: king, feather cloaks. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, King Kahahana, About 1773, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, King Kahahana, About 1773, sentence 35

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The king and high chiefs wore the feather cloaks and helmets betokening their rank.

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**Who acts:** king, feather cloaks · **What happens:** wear, betoken · **To what, where:** feather cloaks, rank

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, King Kahahana, About 1773. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, feather cloaks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:13:35
# text = The king and high chiefs wore the feather cloaks and helmets betokening their rank.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
6	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	feather	feather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	cloaks	cloak	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	helmets	helmet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
12	betokening	betoken	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	rank	rank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | the king and high chiefs | the feather cloaks and helmets |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent cloak=Theme |
| 2 | **betoken** | gerund | the feather cloaks and helmets *not said here* | helmets's rank |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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