---
title: To surrender the ivory would turn away the favour of the gods whose… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: To surrender the ivory would turn away the favour of the gods whose assistance was prayed for in all things connected with the great waters. Who acts: ivory. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, King Kahahana, About 1773, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, King Kahahana, About 1773, sentence 71

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To surrender the ivory would turn away the favour of the gods whose assistance was prayed for in all things connected with the great waters.

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**Who acts:** ivory · **What happens:** surrender, turn away, pray, connect, favour · **To what, where:** favour, assistance, things, gods

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, King Kahahana, About 1773. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ivory), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:13:71
# text = To surrender the ivory would turn away the favour of the gods whose assistance was prayed for in all things connected with the great waters.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	surrender	surrender	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ivory	ivory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	away	away	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	favour	favour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	gods	god	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
13	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	assistance	assistance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	prayed	pray	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl:relcl	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	det	_	_
20	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
21	connected	connect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	acl	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **surrender** | to-infinitive | the ivory *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **turn away** | would | the ivory | the favour of the gods |  |  |  |  | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent favour=Theme |
| 3 | **pray** | past · passive |  | assistance |  |  |  | for all things | tree rules |
| 4 | **connect** | participle |  | all things *not said here* |  |  |  | with the great waters | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient with water=Co-Patient |
| 5 | **favour** |  |  | the gods |  |  |  |  | nom favour «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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