---
title: They would offer fleets of canoes filled with warriors to aid him in… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: They would offer fleets of canoes filled with warriors to aid him in his battles with the king of Hawaii. Who acts: things, King. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, King Kahahana, About 1773, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, King Kahahana, About 1773, sentence 80

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They would offer fleets of canoes filled with warriors to aid him in his battles with the king of Hawaii.

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**Who acts:** things, King · **What happens:** offer, fill, aid, battle · **To what, where:** fleets, canoes, King, battles

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, King Kahahana, About 1773. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (things, King), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:13:80
# text = They would offer fleets of canoes filled with warriors to aid him in his battles with the king of Hawaii.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	offer	offer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	fleets	fleet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	canoes	canoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	warriors	warrior	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	aid	aid	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	battles	battle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Hawaii	Hawaii	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **offer** | would | things *= thing* | fleets of canoes |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent fleet=Theme |
| 2 | **fill** | participle |  | canoes *not said here* |  |  |  | with warriors | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with warrior=Instrument |
| 3 | **aid** | to-infinitive |  |  | King | King's battles with the king of Hawaii |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **battle** |  | King |  |  |  |  | with the king of Hawaii | nom battle «act transitive»: poss=agent with=obl |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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