---
title: The old king had been taken to the coast and placed in his royal dou… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: The old king had been taken to the coast and placed in his royal double canoe ready to escape if his army could not win the day. Who acts: army. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Alapa Regiment, sentence 19

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The old king had been taken to the coast and placed in his royal double canoe ready to escape if his army could not win the day.

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**Who acts:** army · **What happens:** take, place, escape, not win · **To what, where:** old king, coast, royal double canoe

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (army), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:14:19
# text = The old king had been taken to the coast and placed in his royal double canoe ready to escape if his army could not win the day.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	coast	coast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	placed	place	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
14	royal	royal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	double	double	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	canoe	canoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
17	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	escape	escape	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
20	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
23	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
25	win	win	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	advcl	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past · perfect · passive |  | the old king |  | the coast |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to coast=Destination |
| 2 | **place** | participle |  |  |  | king's royal double canoe |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in canoe=Destination |
| 3 | **escape** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **win** *a condition, not said to happen* | could | king's army |  |  |  | day |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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