---
title: Fragments of broken spears, javelins and war clubs lay in splinters… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Fragments of broken spears, javelins and war clubs lay in splinters under the feet. Who acts: Fragments. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Alapa Regiment, sentence 193

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Fragments of broken spears, javelins and war clubs lay in splinters under the feet.

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**Who acts:** Fragments · **What happens:** break, lay · **To what, where:** splinters

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fragments), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:14:193
# text = Fragments of broken spears, javelins and war clubs lay in splinters under the feet.
1	Fragments	fragment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	spears	spear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	javelins	javelin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	clubs	club	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
10	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	splinters	splinter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
13	under	under	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **lay** | present | Fragments of broken spears and javelins and war clubs |  |  | splinters under the feet |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in splinter=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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