---
title: Naked and bleeding the chiefs raised broken arms to ward off descend… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Naked and bleeding the chiefs raised broken arms to ward off descending blows. Who acts: Naked. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/14/194/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Hawaiian Historical Legends](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/) / [The Alapa Regiment](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/14/) / 194

# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Alapa Regiment, sentence 194

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Naked and bleeding the chiefs raised broken arms to ward off descending blows.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Naked · **What happens:** bleed, raise, break, ward off, descend · **To what, where:** chiefs, broken arms, descending blows

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Naked), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:14:194
# text = Naked and bleeding the chiefs raised broken arms to ward off descending blows.
1	Naked	naked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	bleeding	bleed	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	raised	raise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	ward	ward	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
11	off	off	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	descending	descend	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	amod	_	_
13	blows	blow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bleed** | gerund | Naked *not said here* | the chiefs |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent chief=Source |
| 2 | **raise** | past | Naked | broken arms |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Theme |
| 3 | **break** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **ward off** | to-infinitive | Naked *not said here* | descending blows |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **descend** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 193](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/14/193/)
- next →: [sentence 195](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/14/195/)
- ↑ back to [The Alapa Regiment](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/14/)