---
title: One of the most noted and daring warriors of the time, Ke-ku-hau-pio… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: One of the most noted and daring warriors of the time, Ke-ku-hau-pio, held his place against the Maui men while his comrades were driven back. Who acts: Ke, One ku hau pio. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment, with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Alapa Regiment, sentence 20

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One of the most noted and daring warriors of the time, Ke-ku-hau-pio, held his place against the Maui men while his comrades were driven back.

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**Who acts:** Ke, One ku hau pio · **What happens:** note, dare, pio, hold, drive back · **To what, where:** warriors, place, comrades

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ke, One ku hau pio), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:14:20
# text = One of the most noted and daring warriors of the time, Ke-ku-hau-pio, held his place against the Maui men while his comrades were driven back.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
2	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	5	advmod	_	_
5	noted	note	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	advcl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	daring	dare	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
8	warriors	warrior	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
13	Ke	Ke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	ku	ku	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	hau	hau	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	pio	pio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
21	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	against	against	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	Maui	Maui	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
28	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
29	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	comrades	comrade	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
31	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	advcl	_	_
33	back	back	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **note** | participle | Ke *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **dare** | gerund | Ke *not said here* | warriors of the time |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent warrior=Recipient |
| 3 | **pio** |  | Ke |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **hold** | past | One ku hau pio | pio's place |  |  |  | against the Maui men | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent place=Theme against man=Location |
| 5 | **drive back** | past · passive |  | pio's comrades |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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