---
title: At last the Hawaiian warriors were forced to retreat to the camp of… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: At last the Hawaiian warriors were forced to retreat to the camp of their king, where Kalaniopuu and his guard had waited for the result of the battle. Who acts: Hawaiian warriors, Kalaniopuu. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment, with its dependency tr
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Alapa Regiment, sentence 232

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At last the Hawaiian warriors were forced to retreat to the camp of their king, where Kalaniopuu and his guard had waited for the result of the battle.

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**Who acts:** Hawaiian warriors, Kalaniopuu · **What happens:** force, retreat, wait, result · **To what, where:** Hawaiian warriors, last, camp, battle

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hawaiian warriors, Kalaniopuu), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:14:232
# text = At last the Hawaiian warriors were forced to retreat to the camp of their king, where Kalaniopuu and his guard had waited for the result of the battle.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Hawaiian	hawaiian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	warriors	warrior	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	forced	force	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	retreat	retreat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
17	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	23	advmod	_	_
18	Kalaniopuu	Kalaniopuu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	guard	guard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
22	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	waited	wait	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	15	acl:relcl	_	_
24	for	for	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **force** | past · passive |  | the Hawaiian warriors |  | last |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **retreat** | to-infinitive | the Hawaiian warriors *not said here* |  |  | the camp of stories's king |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to camp=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **wait** | past · perfect | Kalaniopuu and Kalaniopuu's guard |  |  |  |  | for the result of the battle | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **result** |  |  | the battle |  |  |  |  | nom result «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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