---
title: Kiwalao was one of the highest sacred tabu chiefs in all the islands. — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Kiwalao was one of the highest sacred tabu chiefs in all the islands. Who acts: Kiwalao. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Alapa Regiment, sentence 250

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Kiwalao was one of the highest sacred tabu chiefs in all the islands.

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**Who acts:** Kiwalao · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** one

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kiwalao), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:14:250
# text = Kiwalao was one of the highest sacred tabu chiefs in all the islands.
1	Kiwalao	Kiwalao	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
6	highest	high	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	9	amod	_	_
7	sacred	sacred	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	tabu	tabu	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	13	det:predet	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	islands	island	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Kiwalao | one |  |  |  | of the highest sacred tabu chiefs in all islands | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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