---
title: Sometimes for personal reasons, such as intermarriage or friendship,… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Sometimes for personal reasons, such as intermarriage or friendship, a chief would be led to espouse the cause of a new king. Who acts: chief. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Alapa Regiment, sentence 89

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Sometimes for personal reasons, such as intermarriage or friendship, a chief would be led to espouse the cause of a new king.

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**Who acts:** chief · **What happens:** lead, espouse, cause · **To what, where:** chief, cause, new king

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:14:89
# text = Sometimes for personal reasons, such as intermarriage or friendship, a chief would be led to espouse the cause of a new king.
1	Sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	16	advmod	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	personal	personal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reasons	reason	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	8	case	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	intermarriage	intermarriage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	friendship	friendship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	led	lead	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	espouse	espouse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | would · passive |  | a chief |  |  |  | for personal reasons; sometimes *property* | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result |
| 2 | **espouse** | to-infinitive | a chief *not said here* | the cause of a new king |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **cause** |  |  | a new king |  |  |  |  | nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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