---
title: Kahahana escaped and for many months wandered over the mountains bac… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Kahahana escaped and for many months wandered over the mountains back of Honolulu, but was at last betrayed and killed. Who acts: Kahahana. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, In the Days of Kahahana, 1782, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, In the Days of Kahahana, 1782, sentence 57

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Kahahana escaped and for many months wandered over the mountains back of Honolulu, but was at last betrayed and killed.

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**Who acts:** Kahahana · **What happens:** escape, wander, betray, kill · **To what, where:** mountains

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, In the Days of Kahahana, 1782. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kahahana), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:15:57
# text = Kahahana escaped and for many months wandered over the mountains back of Honolulu, but was at last betrayed and killed.
1	Kahahana	Kahahana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	escaped	escape	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
7	wandered	wander	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	over	over	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
11	back	back	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Honolulu	Honolulu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
17	at	at	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
18	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	betrayed	betray	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	killed	kill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **escape** | past | Kahahana |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **wander** | past | Kahahana *not said here* |  |  | the mountains | month |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over mountain=Trajectory |
| 3 | **betray** | past · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **kill** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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