---
title: The Maui warriors had expected to take these men, as a fire without… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: The Maui warriors had expected to take these men, as a fire without trouble swallows up splinters cast into it. Who acts: Maui warriors, trouble. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Eight of Oahu, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Eight of Oahu, sentence 40

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The Maui warriors had expected to take these men, as a fire without trouble swallows up splinters cast into it.

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**Who acts:** Maui warriors, trouble · **What happens:** expect, take, swallow up, cast · **To what, where:** Maui warriors, men, splinters, trouble

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Eight of Oahu. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Maui warriors, trouble), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:16:40
# text = The Maui warriors had expected to take these men, as a fire without trouble swallows up splinters cast into it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Maui	Maui	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	warriors	warrior	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	expected	expect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
14	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	trouble	trouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	swallows	swallow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
17	up	up	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	_
18	splinters	splinter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
19	cast	cast	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl	_	_
20	into	into	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **expect** | past · perfect · passive |  | the Maui warriors |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the Maui warriors *not said here* | this men |  |  |  | as a fire | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent man=Theme as fire=Attribute |
| 3 | **swallow up** | present | trouble | splinters |  |  |  |  | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent splinter=Patient |
| 4 | **cast** | participle |  | splinters *not said here* |  | trouble |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent into it=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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